Homocysteine, smoking and vascular disease

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Homocysteine, smoking and vascular disease

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For more than 20 years, moderately raised concentrations of total homocysteine (tHcy) have been associated with an increased risk of atherothrombotic vascular events but only recently has evidence mounted to suggest that the association may be causal. The association is independent of other factors, it is fairly consistent across many studies, it is strong and dose-related, and it is biological...

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: European Heart Journal

سال: 2002

ISSN: 0195-668X

DOI: 10.1053/euhj.2002.3271